Apache Flink: Real-Time Stream Processing Engine

Apache Flink, distributed stream processing framework olarak high-throughput, low-latency real-time data processing sağlar ve event time processing, stateful computations ve exactly-once semantics destekler. Flink architecture: JobManager (job coordination, checkpointing, recovery), TaskManager (task execution, data processing) ve Client (job submission) component'lerinden oluşur. Event time vs processing time: event time, event'in gerçekleştiği zaman (event timestamp) ve processing time, event'in Flink tarafından işlendiği zaman; watermarks ile late event handling ve out-of-order data management sağlanır. Window operations, time-based (tumbling, sliding, session) ve count-based windows ile data aggregation yapar; custom window assigner ve trigger ile flexible windowing destekler. State management, Flink state backends (HashMapStateBackend, EmbeddedRocksDBStateBackend) ile large state yönetir ve checkpoint/savepoint ile fault tolerance sağlar; exactly-once processing semantics garantilenir. Flink SQL, declarative stream processing için SQL interface sağlar ve batch/stream unified processing ile versatile analytics yapar. Flink vs Kafka Streams: Flink standalone cluster ile complex stream processing ve advanced windowing sunarken Kafka Streams Kafka ecosystem ile tight integration sağlar.